Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Fruit Extracts on Diet-Induced Obesity in Rodents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ballard, C. R. and Galvão, T. F. and Cazarin, C. B. B. and Maróstica, M. R.

Curr Pharm Des (2019) 25: 3484–3497

DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666191010170100

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex condition of high prevalence and cost to the public health system. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of natural products, such as polyphenol-rich fruit extracts, for use in the treatment of obesity. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the metabolic effects of polyphenol-rich fruit extracts on diet-induced obesity (DIO) in rodents. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to identify preclinical studies that assessed polyphenol-rich fruit extracts compared to placebo on DIO in rodents in December 2018. Two researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of studies. Meta-analyses of standardized mean difference (SMD) of outcomes were calculated in Stata 11, and causes of heterogeneity were assessed by meta-regression. RESULTS: We included 14 studies in the systematic review and 13 studies with 21 matched groups in the metaanalysis. Polyphenol-rich fruit extracts reduced the total body weight gain (SMD = -1.48; confidence interval: - 1.95, -1.01), energy intake (SMD = -0.42; -0.67, -0.17), visceral adipose tissue (SMD = -0.96; -1.25, -0.66), triglycerides (SMD = -1.00; -1.39, -0.62), cholesterol (SMD = -1.18, -1.66, -0.69), LDL- c (SMD = -1.15; -1.65, - 0.65), fasting glucose (SMD = -1.05; -1.65, -0.46), and fasting insulin (SMD = -1.40; -1.80, -1.00) when compared to vehicle. CONCLUSION: Polyphenol-rich fruit extract had positive effects on weight gain, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance at different doses, and fruit source in male mice.

Citation

Ballard, C. R., Galvão, T. F., Cazarin, C. B. B., & Maróstica, M. R. (2019). Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Fruit Extracts on Diet-Induced Obesity in Rodents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Pharm Des, 25(32), 3484–3497. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666191010170100 Animals, Mice, Plant Extracts/*pharmacology, *insulin resistance, *adipose tissue, Diet/adverse effects, Fruit/*chemistry, *antiobesity agents, *bioactive compounds, *dyslipidemia, *phenolic compounds, *plant extracts., *Weight gain, Obesity/*therapy, Polyphenols/*pharmacology

Keywords

• Animals
• Mice
• Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
• *insulin resistance
• *adipose tissue
• Diet/adverse effects
• Fruit/*chemistry
• *antiobesity agents
• *bioactive compounds
• *dyslipidemia
• *phenolic compounds
• *plant extracts.
• *Weight gain
• Obesity/*therapy
• Polyphenols/*pharmacology