Meta-analysis of brucellosis vaccinology in natural hosts

Carvalho, T. F. and Haddad, J. P. A. and Paixao, T. A. and Santos, R. L.

Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira (2020) 40: 604–612

DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-6651

Abstract

Brucellosis is a relevant zoonotic disease for which the most important tool for control is vaccination of susceptible animals. Assessment of vaccine efficacy in natural hosts is based on prevention of abortion and Brucella infection in organs of immunized animals. A meta-analysis of experimental vaccination of Brucella spp. natural hosts was performed, including 45 PubMed and/or Scopus-indexed publications, representing 116 individual experiments. Difference of risk was calculated as an indicator of protection, and a temporal analysis (1980-2016) demonstrated that experimental vaccines tested on natural hosts provided levels of protection that were stable over the past decades. The meta-regression model developed in this study included different vaccine categories (attenuated, inactivated, mutant, subunit, and vectored) considering the difference of risk as the dependent variable. The subcutaneous route of vaccination provided better protection when compared to the intramuscular and oral routes of vaccination. Surprisingly, inactivated vaccines provided better protection than live naturally attenuated vaccine strains (spontaneous mutations) that were considered the reference, whereas subunit vaccines provided lower levels of protection. This is the first meta-analysis of Brucella vaccinology in the natural hosts. These results are useful for the development of new vaccination protocols for controlling animal brucellosis.

Citation

Carvalho, T. F., Haddad, J. P. A., Paixao, T. A., & Santos, R. L. (2020). Meta-analysis of brucellosis vaccinology in natural hosts. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira, 40(8), 604–612. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-PVB-6651 Animal Immunology [LL650], Diagnosis of Animal Diseases [LL886], disease control, disease prevention, Host Resistance and Immunity [HH600], meta-analysis, vaccination, vaccines, bacterium, zoonoses, zoonotic infections, domestic animals, hosts, infections, livestock, animal diseases, bacterial diseases, Brucella, bacterial infections, bacterioses, inactivated vaccines, killed vaccines, Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals [LL821], Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210], intramuscular injection, brucellosis, mutations, undulant fever, abortion, subcutaneous injection, subunit vaccines, vaccine strains

Keywords

• Animal Immunology [LL650]
• Diagnosis of Animal Diseases [LL886]
• disease control
• disease prevention
• Host Resistance and Immunity [HH600]
• meta-analysis
• vaccination
• vaccines
• bacterium
• zoonoses
• zoonotic infections
• domestic animals
• hosts
• infections
• livestock
• animal diseases
• bacterial diseases
• Brucella
• bacterial infections
• bacterioses
• inactivated vaccines
• killed vaccines
• Prion
• Viral
• Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals [LL821]
• Prion
• Viral
• Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210]
• intramuscular injection
• brucellosis
• mutations
• undulant fever
• abortion
• subcutaneous injection
• subunit vaccines
• vaccine strains