Prevalence and associated factor of Campylobacter species among less than 5-year-old children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Diriba, K. and Awulachew, E. and Anja, A.

Eur J Med Res (2021) 26: 2

DOI: 10.1186/s40001-020-00474-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the significant reductions in under-five mortality, campylobacteriosis has emerged as one of the most common causative agents of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in humans. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of Campylobacter species and associated risk factors among children less than 5 years of age in Ethiopia. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. All identified observational studies reporting the prevalence and determinants of diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Ethiopia were included. Two authors independently extracted data and analyzed them using STATA Version 13 statistical software. A random-effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the associations between determinant factors and campylobacteriosis. RESULTS: Out of 166 papers reviewed, 8 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Campylobacter species among children under 5 years of age in Ethiopia was 10% (95% CI: 7, 13). Contact with domestic animals (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 2.0, 5.1), illiterate mothers (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1, 3.8), consumption of animal products (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.7, 4.5), and status of mothers’ personal hygiene (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.7, 1.8) were significantly associated with the prevalence of Campylobacter species. CONCLUSION: In our study, Campylobacter species among children under 5 years of age in Ethiopia were significantly high. Contact with domestic animals, illiterate mothers and consumption of animal products were significantly associated with prevalence of Campylobacter species.

Citation

Diriba, K., Awulachew, E., & Anja, A. (2021). Prevalence and associated factor of Campylobacter species among less than 5-year-old children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res, 26(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-020-00474-7 Animals, Female, Humans, Child, Preschool, Infant, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Ethiopia, Campylobacter, Infant, Newborn, Ethiopia/epidemiology, Diarrhea/*epidemiology/microbiology, Animals, Domestic/microbiology, Campylobacter/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity, Hygiene/standards, Mothers, Risk factor, Under-five

Keywords

• Animals
• Female
• Humans
• Child
• Preschool
• Infant
• Risk Factors
• Prevalence
• Ethiopia
• Campylobacter
• Infant
• Newborn
• Ethiopia/epidemiology
• Diarrhea/*epidemiology/microbiology
• Animals
• Domestic/microbiology
• Campylobacter/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity
• Hygiene/standards
• Mothers
• Risk factor
• Under-five