A global systematic review and meta-analysis of concentration and prevalence of mycotoxins in birds’ egg

Fakhri, Y. and Sarafraz, M. and Nematollahi, A. and Ranaei, V. and Soleimani-Ahmadi, M. and Thai, V. N. and Mousavi Khaneghah, A.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int (2021) 28: 59542–59550

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16136-y

Abstract

In the current study, the concentration and prevalence of birds’ egg’s mycotoxins among 11 articles (66 studies) based on countries, part of eggs, and type of mycotoxins subgroups were meta-analyses using a random-effect model. The order of mycotoxin according to concentration of mycotoxin was Deoxynivalenol (20.083 μg/kg) \textgreater Zearalenone (2.065 μg/kg) \textgreater Enniatin (1.120 μg/kg) \textgreater Total aflatoxin (0.371 μg/kg) \textgreater Beauvericin (0.223 μg/kg) \textgreater Ochratoxins (0.087 μg/kg) \textgreater Citrinin (0.010 μg/kg). Further, the mycotoxins’ concentration in the yolk part (2.070 μg/kg) was higher than the mixed eggs (0.283 μg/kg). The rank order of mycotoxin based on country was China (14.990 μg/kg) \textgreater Cameroon (7.594 μg/kg) \textgreater Thailand (1.870 μg/kg) \textgreater Finland (0.920 μg/kg) \textgreater Iran (0.312 μg/kg) \textgreater Jordan (0.202 μg/kg) \textgreater Belgium (0.183 μg/kg) \textgreater Spain (\textlessLod μg/kg) \textgreater South Korea (\textlessLod μg/kg). The rank order of mycotoxins based on prevalence was BEA (99.73%) \textgreater DON (85.00%) \textgreater AFT (20.15%) \textgreater OT (16.00%). The overall prevalence of mycotoxin was equal to 29.65%. Also, the concentration of mycotoxins in China and Cameroon was higher than in other countries. Therefore, the monitoring programs to reduce mycotoxins in bird eggs consumed in some countries such as China and Cameroon should be considered.

Citation

Fakhri, Y., Sarafraz, M., Nematollahi, A., Ranaei, V., Soleimani-Ahmadi, M., Thai, V. N., & Mousavi Khaneghah, A. (2021). A global systematic review and meta-analysis of concentration and prevalence of mycotoxins in birds’ egg. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 28(42), 59542–59550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16136-y Animals, Prevalence, Food safety, Birds, Meta-analysis, Food Contamination/analysis, Mycotoxins, Ovum, *Mycotoxins/analysis, *Trichothecenes/analysis, Bird egg, Food contaminant

Keywords

• Animals
• Prevalence
• Food safety
• Birds
• Meta-analysis
• Food Contamination/analysis
• Mycotoxins
• Ovum
• *Mycotoxins/analysis
• *Trichothecenes/analysis
• Bird egg
• Food contaminant