VetSRev
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2021) 76: 1392–1405
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab058
Background: MDR organisms (MDROs) pose a relevant risk for patients in modern healthcare. Although ownership of pet animals is common and owners and pets commonly live in close contact, it is still unclear whether pet ownership may be considered as a risk factor for MDRO acquisition prior to hospitalization. Methods: We performed three separate meta-analyses in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, assessing contact to pets as a risk factor for acquisition of MRSA, VRE and MDR Gram-negatives [namely third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (3GCRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE)]. Results: We calculated an increased risk of MRSA carriage for dog owners [risk ratio (RR) 2.28, 95% CI 1.47-3.56]. Meta-analysis did not show a significantly higher risk for 3GCRE colonization among owners of different pet species compared with non-pet owners (RR 1.18, 95% CI 0.83-1.68 for pet owners in general, RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.56-1.40 for dog owners, RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.58-2.34 for cat owners, RR 1.34, 95% CI 0.43-4.18 for rodent owners, RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.38-2.18 for bird owners, and RR 2.34, 95% CI 0.33-16.63 for lizard/frog owners). For VRE, there were insufficient data to perform a meta-analysis. Conclusions: Our analyses suggest contact to pet animals is a risk factor for MRSA, but not for 3GCRE/CRE acquisition. Evaluation of the underlying literature suggested a possible role of pet animals as: (i) vectors for the transmission of MDROs between livestock and humans; as well as (ii) a reservoir for MDROs. Pets, therefore, may promote transmission and reinfection of humans.
Hackmann, C., Gastmeier, P., Schwarz, S., Lubke-Becker, A., Bischoff, P., & Leistner, R. (2021). Pet husbandry as a risk factor for colonization or infection with MDR organisms: a systematic meta-analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 76(6), 1392–1405. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab058 infection, Risk Factors, animal husbandry, meta-analysis, systematic reviews, pets, literature reviews, drug resistance, human diseases, public health, disease transmission, disease vectors, domestic animals, hosts, livestock, reservoir hosts, risk factors, vectors, bacterial diseases, antibiotics, beta-lactam antibiotics, cephalosporins, Gram negative bacteria, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, multiple drug resistance, carbapenems, reinfection