Global prevalence of chlamydial infections in reptiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Inchuai, R. and Weerakun, S. and Hoai Nam, Nguyen and Sukon, P.

Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (2021) 21: 32–39

DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2020.2654

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Chlamydia spp. are potential zoonotic pathogens that can infect a wide range of animal hosts. In reptiles, Chlamydia can cause hepatitis, pneumonitis, and conjunctivitis and it can cause high mortality in young animals. The objectives of this study were to estimate the pooled prevalence of chlamydial infections in reptiles and to assess the trend of these infections over time. Materials and Methods: The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The retrieved studies were screened for eligibility. Then, important data were extracted from the included studies. A random effects model was used for all analyses. Subgroup analysis was used to assess heterogeneity for orders of reptiles, continents where the studies were conducted, and types of specimens. Cumulative meta-analysis and meta-regression were used to determine the trend of the prevalence over time. The quality of each included study was evaluated.

Citation

Inchuai, R., Weerakun, S., Hoai Nam, N., & Sukon, P. (2021). Global prevalence of chlamydial infections in reptiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 21(1), 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2020.2654 Prevalence, Australia, meta-analysis, effects, systematic reviews, mortality, data analysis, goals, guidelines, health, objectives, recommendations, research, studies, targets, disease prevalence, epidemiology, bacterium, zoonoses, zoonotic infections, reptiles, wild animals, wildlife conservation, death rate, infections, disease distribution, animal diseases, bacterial diseases, pathogens, prevalence, heterogeneity, incidence, bacterial infections, bacterioses, quality, Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210], Public Health Pests, Vectors and Intermediate Hosts [VV230], hepatitis, Pathogens, Parasites and Infectious Diseases (Wild Animals) [YY700], Chlamydia, Chlamydiaceae, Chlamydophila pecorum, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci, conjunctivitis, crocodiles, Crocodylia, pink eye, young animals

Keywords

• Prevalence
• Australia
• meta-analysis
• effects
• systematic reviews
• mortality
• data analysis
• goals
• guidelines
• health
• objectives
• recommendations
• research
• studies
• targets
• disease prevalence
• epidemiology
• bacterium
• zoonoses
• zoonotic infections
• reptiles
• wild animals
• wildlife conservation
• death rate
• infections
• disease distribution
• animal diseases
• bacterial diseases
• pathogens
• prevalence
• heterogeneity
• incidence
• bacterial infections
• bacterioses
• quality
• Prion
• Viral
• Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210]
• Public Health Pests
• Vectors and Intermediate Hosts [VV230]
• hepatitis
• Pathogens
• Parasites and Infectious Diseases (Wild Animals) [YY700]
• Chlamydia
• Chlamydiaceae
• Chlamydophila pecorum
• Chlamydophila pneumoniae
• Chlamydophila psittaci
• conjunctivitis
• crocodiles
• Crocodylia
• pink eye
• young animals