The prevalence and concentration of aflatoxin M1 among different types of cheeses: a global systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Khaneghah, A. M. and Moosavi, M. and Omar, S. S. and Oliveira, C. A. F. and Karimi-Dehkordi, M. and Fakhri, Y. and Huseyn, E. and Nematollahi, A. and Farahani, M. and Sant’Ana, A. S.

Food Control (2021) 125: 125

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107960

Abstract

Aflatoxin M_\textrm1 (AFM_\textrm1) is a hepatocarcinogen found in the milk of lactating animals that have ingested feed contaminated with aflatoxin B_\textrm1 (AFB_\textrm1). In this study, a global systematic review was conducted to collect and evaluate the quantitative data regarding the prevalence and concentration of AFM_\textrm1 in several types of cheeses produced with milk from cows and goats. According to the findings, the rank order of AFM_\textrm1 concentration was cow’s cheeses (13,000.00 ng/kg) \textgreater mixed cow-goat-sheep cheeses (7214.71 ng/kg) \textgreater goat’s-milk cheeses (178.30 ng/kg). The rank order of AFM_\textrm1 contamination based on the cheese texture was hard (14,000.00 ng/kg) \textgreater semi-hard (2175.03 ng/kg) \textgreater soft (533.71 ng/kg) \textgreater semi-soft (70.30 ng/kg). The higher prevalence of AFM_\textrm1 was reported for soft (53%) and mixed cow-goat-sheep (51%) cheeses while compared with other types of cheeses. Importantly, the AFM_\textrm1 concentrations in all types of cheese except semi-soft cheese and goat’s milk cheese were exceeded the recommended level. Thus, stringent control regarding animal feed, milk production, and cheese processing as well as storage conditions should be carried out, aiming at reducing the AFM_\textrm1 in cheeses.

Citation

Khaneghah, A. M., Moosavi, M., Omar, S. S., Oliveira, C. A. F., Karimi-Dehkordi, M., Fakhri, Y., Huseyn, E., Nematollahi, A., Farahani, M., & Sant’Ana, A. S. (2021). The prevalence and concentration of aflatoxin M1 among different types of cheeses: a global systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Food Control, 125, 125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107960 animals, mammals, cattle, cows, dairy cattle, dairy cows, meta-analysis, Food Composition and Quality [QQ500], Techniques and Methodology [ZZ900], systematic reviews, Dairy Animals [LL110], Mathematics and Statistics [ZZ100], data analysis, feeding stuffs, feeds, milk, Milk and Dairy Produce [QQ010], milk production, yields, regression analysis, cheeses, goat milk, mycotoxins, milk products, goats, milk yielding animals, contamination, incidence, dairy products, Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology [QQ200], milks, aflatoxins, Feed Contamination, Residues and Toxicology [RR200], fungal toxins, milk-yielding animals, cheese quality, aflatoxin B1, feed contamination, texture

Keywords

• animals
• mammals
• cattle
• cows
• dairy cattle
• dairy cows
• meta-analysis
• Food Composition and Quality [QQ500]
• Techniques and Methodology [ZZ900]
• systematic reviews
• Dairy Animals [LL110]
• Mathematics and Statistics [ZZ100]
• data analysis
• feeding stuffs
• feeds
• milk
• Milk and Dairy Produce [QQ010]
• milk production
• yields
• regression analysis
• cheeses
• goat milk
• mycotoxins
• milk products
• goats
• milk yielding animals
• contamination
• incidence
• dairy products
• Food Contamination
• Residues and Toxicology [QQ200]
• milks
• aflatoxins
• Feed Contamination
• Residues and Toxicology [RR200]
• fungal toxins
• milk-yielding animals
• cheese quality
• aflatoxin B1
• feed contamination
• texture