Scedosporium spp lung infection in immunocompetent patients: A systematic review and MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis

Liu, W. and Feng, R. Z. and Jiang, H. L.

Medicine (Baltimore) (2019) 98: e17535

DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017535

Abstract

Scedosporium genus as a significant emerging opportunist causes a broad spectrum of disease in not only immunosuppressed but also immunocompetent patients. The lung is one of the most commonly encountered sites of Scedosporium infection. Due to its very high levels of antifungal resistance, surgery has been recommended as an important part in the treatment of pulmonary Scedosporium spp infection, even in immunocompetent cases. However, whether lung surgery could help to reduce the risk of death in immunocompetent patients is not clear.We retrospectively retrieved the records of pulmonary infections with Scedosporium species in immunocompetent patients through a comprehensive literature search. The association of surgery on all-cause mortality was explored using binary logistic regression (BLR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out to evaluate the capability of the model.The comprehensive searching strategy yielded 33 case reports and 3 case series in total, with 40 individual patients being included. The overall mortality was 12.50%. The fatality rate was 9.09% (2/22) in cases with surgery and 16.67% (3/18) in cases without surgery (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.07-3.38; P = .48). Consistently, BLR analysis identified no statistical association between surgery and reduced mortality (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-15.64; P = .89), after adjusting for age, gender, and antifungal chemotherapy. The area under the ROC curve was 0.88.For immunocompetent patients with pulmonary Scedosporium spp infection, surgical therapy may not be associated with reduced mortality. Surgical excision could be considered but is not imperative in this group of patients.

Citation

Liu, W., Feng, R. Z., & Jiang, H. L. (2019). Scedosporium spp lung infection in immunocompetent patients: A systematic review and MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 98(41), e17535. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000017535 Male, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use, Observational Studies as Topic, Drug Resistance, Fungal/physiology, Immunocompromised Host/drug effects, Lung Diseases, Fungal/*drug therapy/microbiology/mortality/*surgery, Mortality/trends, Mycoses/drug therapy/epidemiology/microbiology/mortality, Postoperative Care, Respiratory Tract Infections/*drug therapy/microbiology/mortality/*surgery, Scedosporium/*drug effects/isolation & purification, Voriconazole/administration & dosage/therapeutic use

Keywords

• Male
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged
• 80 and over
• Female
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Retrospective Studies
• Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
• Observational Studies as Topic
• Drug Resistance
• Fungal/physiology
• Immunocompromised Host/drug effects
• Lung Diseases
• Fungal/*drug therapy/microbiology/mortality/*surgery
• Mortality/trends
• Mycoses/drug therapy/epidemiology/microbiology/mortality
• Postoperative Care
• Respiratory Tract Infections/*drug therapy/microbiology/mortality/*surgery
• Scedosporium/*drug effects/isolation & purification
• Voriconazole/administration & dosage/therapeutic use