VetSRev
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Acta Parasitol (2021) :
DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00396-2
BACKGROUND: Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites and transmit various types of protozoal, bacterial, and viral diseases in a wild as well as domestic animals and humans globally. Only a few published reports are avaliable on the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in sheep and goats in Pakistan. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence (2000-2020) of tick-borne disease (theileriosis, babesiosis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever infection, and anaplasmosis) in sheep and goats in Pakistan. METHODS: A systematic review of articles published in English language (since 2000-2020) was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Diagnostic methods used in the original reference articles were PCR, PCR-RLB, microscopy, and ELISA. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of theileriosis, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) infections was 15.40%, 21.18%, 26.78%, and 11.62%, respectively. The prevalence of anaplasmosis was 22.06% (90/408) in sheep, 21.11% (76/360) in goats, and 40% (120/300) in both sheep and goats with substantial differences (P \textless 0.001). The prevalence of babesiosis among sheep was 29.88% (104/348) with highly significant differences (P \textless 0.001), in goats was 29.88% (25/60) with slightly significant differences (P \textless 0.031%), and in both sheep and goats were 7% (21/300) with highly significant differences (P \textless 0.001) according to subgroup analysis. The percentage of prevalence of theileriosis was 17.70% (207/1169) in sheep with highly substantial differences (P \textless 0.001), 4.51% (31/687) in goats with significant differences (P \textless 0.133), and 25% (125/500) in both sheep and goats with a significant difference among them (P \textless 0.001). The prevalence of CCHF among sheep was 18.63% (149/800) and 4.63% (37/800) in goats, respectively. The widely used detection method was microscopy (45.56%) followed by ELISA (38.38%), PCR (12.56%), and PCR-RLB (3.48%) test, respectively. This is a comprehensive report on the status of tick-borne disease in sheep and goats in Pakistan. CONCLUSION: Based on our results, among tick-borne diseases anaplasmosis had the highest prevalence rate in sheep and goats. Due to its high prevalence, control measures should be taken to diagnose and prevent it.
Mushtaq, A., Shoukat, T., Mumtaz, T., Qasim, M., Ajmal, K., Fatima, N., Khan, A., Kouser, M., Hussain, N., Khan, S. S., Afzal, M. S., Simsek, S., & Ahmed, H. (2021). Tick-borne Diseases in Sheep and Goats in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Acta Parasitol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-021-00396-2 Sheep, Goat, Meta-analysis, Pakistan, Tick-borne diseases