VetSRev
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Emerg Infect Dis (2019) 25: 2177–2182
We report on apparent temporal progression of probable sources of infection and transmission routes for global human toxoplasmosis outbreaks as described in published articles. We searched the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases for articles on Toxoplasma, toxoplasmosis, and outbreaks. We found that transmission routes for Toxoplasma gondii varied by decade. In the 1960s and 1990s, toxoplasmosis outbreaks mainly occurred through ingestion of cysts in meat and meat derivatives; in the 1980s, through milk contaminated with tachyzoites; in 2000, due to the presence of oocysts in water, sand, and soil; and in 2010, due to oocysts in raw fruits and vegetables. Our study suggests a possible change in the epidemiology of reported toxoplasmosis outbreaks. Because of this change, we suggest that greater attention be paid to the disinfection of vegetables, as well as to the quality of water used for drinking and irrigation.
Pinto-Ferreira, F., Caldart, E. T., Pasquali, A. K. S., Mitsuka-Breganó, R., Freire, R. L., & Navarro, I. T. (2019). Patterns of Transmission and Sources of Infection in Outbreaks of Human Toxoplasmosis. Emerg Infect Dis, 25(12), 2177–2182. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2512.181565 Animals, Humans, Global Health, *human, Zoonoses, Public Health Surveillance, *Disease Outbreaks, *parasites, *Toxoplasma, *oocysts, *outbreak, *Toxoplasma gondii, *toxoplasmosis, *vegetables, *water, Toxoplasmosis/*epidemiology/parasitology/*transmission