VetSRev
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Food and Chemical Toxicology (2018) 118: 653–666
DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.016
The current investigation was undertaken to take a review of the performed studies regarding the concentration and prevalence of aflatoxin M_\textrm1 (AFM_\textrm1) of the consumed cow milk in the Middle East. In this context, all available studies published in databases include Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science among 1995 to December 2017; were screened accordingly. Also, the carcinogenic risk was estimated by calculating hazard index (HI) using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The result of conducted meta-analysis for 49 articles containing 7484 data indicated that the rank order of type of milk based on the concentration of aflatoxin M_\textrm1 was Ultra-high temperature processing (UHT) milk (82.57 ng/kg) \textgreater raw milk (60.37 ng/kg) \textgreater pasteurized milk (PAS) (45.81 ng/kg). The pooled concentration of aflatoxin M_\textrm1 in raw and UHT milk was higher than EC (European Committee, 50 ng/kg) standard limit. The rank order of countries based on the concentration of aflatoxin M_\textrm1 in raw milk was Syria \textgreater Turkey \textgreater Iran \textgreater Egypt \textgreater Lebanon \textgreater Palestine; pasteurized milk, Turkey \textgreater Iran \textgreater Lebanon; and UHT milk, Iran \textgreater Turkey \textgreater Saudi Arabia. The overall prevalence of aflatoxin M_\textrm1 in the raw milk of Iran, Turkey, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, and Syria was identified as 76%, 12%, 67%, 85%, 38%, and 14%; pasteurized milk, in the Iran, Lebanon, and Turkey was 77%, 36%, and 11%; and finally UHT milk in Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey was 81%, 82%, and 62%, respectively. HI in the adult’s consumer’s raw milk in the Iran, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Egypt were calculated as 0.26, 0.47, 0.52, 0.34, 0.23 and 0.18; However, the HI for adult consumers of pasteurized milk in the Iran, Turkey, and Lebanon were 0.28, 0.31 and 0.11. Also, the measured HI for adult consumers of UHT milk in the Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Iran was 0.20, 0.33 and 0.50, respectively. The obtained HI for consumers of raw milk in the children age group of the Iran, Turkey, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Egypt were 1.03,2.20, 2.42, 1.59, 1.05, and 0.84. The calculated HI for consumers of pasteurized milk in the children age group of the pasteurized milk in of Iran, Turkey, and Lebanon were 1.30, 1.56, and 0.50. Finally, in term of UHT milk in Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Iran were 0.94, 1.44 and 2.35, respectively. Unlike Adults, children consumers in the several Middle East countries are at considerable cancer risk due to consumption of raw, pasteurized and UHT milk contain AFM_\textrm1(HI?\textgreater1).
Rahmani, J., Alipour, S., Miri, A., Fakhri, Y., Riahi, S. M., Keramati, H., Moradi, M., Amanidaz, N., Pouya, R. H., Bahmani, Z., & Khaneghah, A. M. (2018). The prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in milk of Middle East region: a systematic review, meta-analysis and probabilistic health risk assessment. (Special Issue: Food safety and risk evaluation.). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 118, 653–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.016 cattle, meta-analysis, man, systematic reviews, data analysis, health, research, studies, milk, Milk and Dairy Produce [QQ010], children, Information and Documentation [CC300], databases, risk, risk assessment, consumers, mycotoxins, milk products, neoplasms, data banks, Food Processing (General) [QQ100], Iran, Saudi Arabia, Middle East, contamination, pasteurization, pasteurizing, incidence, cancers, dairy products, Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology [QQ200], raw milk, Toxicology and Poisoning of Animals [LL950], Israel, toxicology, aflatoxin M1, aflatoxins, Feed Contamination, Residues and Toxicology [RR200], fungal toxins, Toxinology [VV820], UHT, UHT milk, Weeds and Noxious Plants [FF500], pasteurized milk, Egypt, Lebanon, Misr, Near East, Palestine, risks, Syria