A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of risk factors for Neospora caninum seroprevalence in goats

Rodrigues, A. A. and Reis, S. S. and Sousa, M. L. and Moraes, E. D. S. and Garcia, J. L. and Nascimento, T. V. C. and Cunha, Iald

Prev Vet Med (2020) 185: 105176

DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105176

Abstract

This meta-analysis aimed to estimate N. caninum seroprevalence in goats worldwide to determine the main risk factors for seropositivity that could be associated with parasite infection in herds. Four electronic databases were searched: PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and the VHL Regional Portal. Firstly, 367 articles were identified. After removing duplicates and non-eligible papers. A total of 36 articles were selected, which contained information concerning 22,234 goats, between 2004-2019. The combined seroprevalence of infection using a meta-analysis of the random effects model was 5.99 % (95 %, CI 4.38-7.83). The overall estimated N. caninum seroprevalence showed high heterogeneity, I(2) = 97 %. The present study showed that seropositive goats were 3.07 times more likely to abort (OR 3.07; 95 % CI 1.02-9.22) than seronegative animals. The presence of dogs on farms also increased the odds of N. caninum seropositivity (OR 1.40; 95 % CI 1.01-1.94). In addition, male animals had higher odds of being seropositive to neosporosis than females (OR 1.31; 95 % CI 1.00-1.71). N. caninum seroprevalence in goats is widely distributed worldwide, with the American continent having a higher proportion of seropositive animals.

Citation

Rodrigues, A. A., Reis, S. S., Sousa, M. L., Moraes, E. D. S., Garcia, J. L., Nascimento, T. V. C., & Cunha, I. (2020). A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of risk factors for Neospora caninum seroprevalence in goats. Prev Vet Med, 185, 105176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105176 Caprine, Review, Neosporosis, Anti-Neospora antibodies, Epidemiological studies

Keywords

• Caprine
• Review
• Neosporosis
• Anti-Neospora antibodies
• Epidemiological studies