VetSRev
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Database of veterinary systematic reviews
Food Research International (2012) 45: 617–627
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.09.005
Our objective was to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination and biosecurity on the prevalence of _Salmonella_ spp. in broiler chickens using systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search of the global primary literature was conducted in: Current Contents (1999-2009), Agricola (1924-2009), MEDLINE (1860-2009), Scopus (1960-2009), CAB (1913-2009), and Centre for Agricultural Bioscience Global Health (1971-2009). The search algorithm was (Salmonell*) AND (chicken* OR chick* OR poultry* OR broiler* OR gallus*). Additional studies were identified by contacting five topic experts and hand-scanning bibliographies of recent review articles and a recently published textbook. Studies were included if they were English language and investigated the effects of vaccination and biosecurity on the prevalence of _Salmonella_ spp. in broiler chickens. All study design types were included. Data extraction and methodological assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently. All meta-analyses were based on random-effects models. For biosecurity, sixteen challenge studies (_n_=137 treatment-control comparisons) and one controlled study (_n_=2) met the inclusion criteria. Significant heterogeneity (Cochran’s _Q_-statistic, _p_\textless0.001) was observed among biosecurity challenge studies examining hydrogen peroxide or polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride applied to hatching eggs, making it inappropriate to present a summary effects measure. For vaccination, 19 challenge studies (_n_=226) and three controlled studies (_n_=10) met the inclusion criteria. Among live _Salmonella_ Typhimurium vaccine challenge studies heterogeneity was not significant (_p_=0.138). Vaccination with a live _Salmonella_ Typhimurium reduced the risk of _Salmonella_ cecal colonization in the treated broiler group by 35 out of 1000 broilers when compared to the control group (OR=0.21; 95% CI=0.06-0.77) and this effect was significant (_p_=0.018). One biosecurity study (_n_=2 treatment-control comparisons) and three vaccination studies (_n_=10) were conducted in a commercial setting. The two included studies in the vaccination meta-analysis were both conducted at research facilities. The live _Salmonella_ Typhimurium vaccine showed the most promise in reducing the prevalence of _Salmonella_ in broiler ceca. However, the meta-analysis included few studies, and these studies challenged the birds with different serotypes. We recommend that more large-scale randomized, blinded trials be conducted with a live _Salmonella_ Typhimurium vaccine on commercial farms.
Totton, S. C., Farrar, A. M., Wilkins, W., Bucher, O., Waddell, L. A., Wilhelm, B. J., McEwen, S. A., & Rajic, A. (2012). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of biosecurity and vaccination in reducing Salmonella spp. in broiler chickens. Food Research International, 45(2), 617–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.09.005 Primates, [Indexed using CAB Thesaurus terms], animals, Chordata, eukaryotes, mammals, reviews, vertebrates, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Animals [LL821], Host Resistance and Immunity [HH600], meta-analysis, Prion, vaccination, vaccines, Viral, effects, methodology, methods, Techniques and Methodology [ZZ900], Hominidae, Homo, man, Meat Producing Animals [LL120], data analysis, health, research, studies, Food Science and Food Products (Human) [QQ000], disease prevalence, comparisons, models, Bacteria, bacterium, human diseases, prokaryotes, Proteobacteria, birds, Information and Documentation [CC300], broilers, chickens, domesticated birds, fowls, Galliformes, Gallus, Gallus gallus, Phasianidae, poultry, Eggs and Egg Products [QQ040], risk, foods, Salmonella, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriales, Gammaproteobacteria, eggs, bibliographies, hydrogen peroxide, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, Salmonella typhimurium, textbooks