Cryptosporidium Infection Increases the Risk for Chronic Diarrhea Among People Living With HIV in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Utami, W. S. and Murhandarwati, E. H. and Artama, W. T. and Kusnanto, H.

Asia Pac J Public Health (2020) 32: 8–18

DOI: 10.1177/1010539519895422

Abstract

We conducted a systematic review research and meta-analysis to reveal the relationship between the risk of chronic diarrhea and Cryptosporidium infection in people living with HIV in Southeast Asia. We performed online peer-reviewed literature research from January 2005 to December 2017, which included PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. Calculation of size effects in the meta-analysis was performed by STATA 13.0 software to estimate relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for any associations. Seven cross-sectional research articles were recruited in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed a significant relationship between cryptosporidiosis and the risk of chronic diarrhea in people living with HIV, with RR = 1.325; 95% CI = 1.157 to 1.517; and P \textless .000. Our results suggested that cryptosporidiosis increases the risk of chronic diarrhea, and low CD4(+) lymphocyte cell counts aggravate the degree of diarrhea. Therefore, clinicians should be more aware in treating HIV-positive people, especially those with low CD4(+) cell counts, and we suggest that Cryptosporidium laboratory examinations be conducted immediately.

Citation

Utami, W. S., Murhandarwati, E. H., Artama, W. T., & Kusnanto, H. (2020). Cryptosporidium Infection Increases the Risk for Chronic Diarrhea Among People Living With HIV in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asia Pac J Public Health, 32(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539519895422 Humans, Risk Assessment, Chronic Disease, *systematic review, *meta-analysis, article., of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this, *Cryptosporidium, Cryptosporidiosis/*epidemiology, Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology, *chronic diarrhea, *cryptosporidiosis, *people living with HIV, *Southeast Asia, Diarrhea/*epidemiology, HIV Infections/*epidemiology

Keywords

• Humans
• Risk Assessment
• Chronic Disease
• *systematic review
• *meta-analysis
• article.
• of interest with respect to the research
• authorship
• and/or publication of this
• *Cryptosporidium
• Cryptosporidiosis/*epidemiology
• Asia
• Southeastern/epidemiology
• *chronic diarrhea
• *cryptosporidiosis
• *people living with HIV
• *Southeast Asia
• Diarrhea/*epidemiology
• HIV Infections/*epidemiology